By Ludwig Wittgenstein
"Philosophy isn't a theory," asserted Austro-British thinker Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951), "but an activity." during this 1921 opus, his in basic terms philosophical paintings released in the course of his lifetime, Wittgenstein outlined the thing of philosophy because the logical explanation of options and proposed the answer to such a lot philosophic difficulties via a serious approach to linguistic research. In proclaiming philosophy as an issue of good judgment instead of of metaphysics, Wittgenstein created a sensation between highbrow circles that stimulated the improvement of logical positivism and altered the course of 20th-century thought.
Beginning with the rules of symbolism and the required family among phrases and items, the writer applies his theories to numerous branches of conventional philosophy, illustrating how error come up from irrelevant use of symbolism and misuses of language. After analyzing the logical constitution of propositions and the character of logical inference, he discusses the speculation of data in addition to ideas of physics and ethics and points of the mystical.
Supervised by way of the writer himself, this translation from the German through C. okay. Ogden is considered the definitive textual content. A magisterial advent via the prestigious thinker Bertrand Russell hails Wittgenstein's fulfillment as terribly vital, "one which no severe thinker can come up with the money for to neglect." creation through Bertrand Russell.
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Extra resources for Tractatus logico-philosophicus
Example text
Y Frías Delgado, A. (1995), «Razonamiento no monótono: Un breve panorama»: Theoría, S. , vol. X/23, 7-26. Flach, P. y Kakas, A. ) (2000), Abductive and Inductive Reasoning: Essays on their Relation and Integration, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Applied Logic Series. Gentzen, G. (1969), The Collected Papers of Gerhard Gentzen, en M. E. Szabo (ed. ), North-Holland Publishing, Amsterdam/London. 41 A G U S T Í N R AY O Hintika, J. e Hintika, M. B. (1989), The Logic of Epistemology and the Epistemology of Logic, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
11. )’ al lenguaje, e insistiendo que ‘el agua = H2O’ se sigue de ‘Verdadero(c)’, que a su vez se sigue de ‘Necesario(c)’. Tarski probó que cualquier teoría (suficientemente fuerte) en la que pueda probarse cada enunciado que resulte de reemplazar el nombre de una proposición por ‘d’ y un enunciado expresando esa proposición por ‘x’ en ‘Verdadero(d) ≡ x’ es inconsistente. 12. Para una exposición de las características formales de este tipo de lenguajes, véase Chellas, 1980. Para una exposición acerca de la importancia filosófica de este tipo de lenguajes ver Lewis, 1986.
Más aún, a pesar de que Husserl no realizó ninguna contribución específica a la lógica como ciencia, su fenomenología tuvo una gran influencia en el pensamiento lógico posterior, originando una concepción idealista de la lógica que se plasmó en los manuales de principios del siglo XX, entre los que cabe citar principalmente el de A. Pfänder, titulado Logik, de 1921 y otros textos menores. Éstos se extendieron a otras latitudes y, aunque en otros países ya se había impuesto la nueva lógica matemática, en los de habla hispana rigieron el enfoque y la 57 GLADYS PALAU enseñanza de la lógica hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XX.