By Elias S. J. Arnér (auth.), Dolph L. Hatfield, Marla J. Berry, Vadim N. Gladyshev (eds.)
Many health and wellbeing advantages were attributed to selenium that come with fighting quite a few kinds of melanoma (e.g., colon melanoma, prostate melanoma, lung melanoma and liver cancer), center sickness and different cardiovascular and muscle problems, inhibiting viral expression, delaying the development of obtained immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive sufferers, slowing the getting older technique, and having roles in mammalian improvement, together with male replica and immune functionality. the aim of the publication is equal to the 1st volumes that's to deliver an up-to-the-minute prestige of present study within the swiftly constructing selenium box founded round the wellbeing and fitness merits attributed to this point and the way this aspect makes its means into protein.
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Additional info for Selenium: Its Molecular Biology and Role in Human Health
Example text
Coli that synthesized the active selenium donor, selenophosphate synthetase (SPS) [19]. SPS was initially designated as SelD in E. coli [20] and the mammalian genes coding for SPS as sps1 [21, 22] and sps2 [23]. The product of sps2 is a selenoprotein (SPS2) suggesting that it might be an autoregulatory protein in selenoprotein biosynthesis [23, 24]. Initial experimental studies with SPS1 and SPS2 had shown that: (1) mutation of Sec to Cys in SPS2 had enzyme activity [23–25] and the Cys mutant form could complement SelD− cells following transfection of the SelD− cells with the Sec → Cys mutant sps2 [25]; and (2) transformation of E.
Elucidating the function of this region has proved difficult in the absence of testable hypotheses. The C-terminal half of SBP2 performs several critical functions during Sec incorporation, including binding to the SECIS element, recruiting the Sec-specific elongation factor, EFSec, and interacting with the ribosome [12–14]. The importance of the last two activities to the Sec incorporation mechanism is discussed in Chaps. 3 and 5. 1 49 Expression of SBP2 Given the pivotal role of SBP2 in dictating the expression of the selenoproteome, it is important to elucidate the expression and regulation of this protein.
1 Introduction Selenocysteine (Sec) is a naturally occurring protein amino acid in the three domains of life, eukaryotes, archaea, and eubacteria, and is the only known protein amino acid in eukaryotes whose biosynthesis occurs on its tRNA, designated Sec tRNA[Ser]Sec [1, 2]. Bock and collaborators established the biosynthesis of Sec in eubacteria in 1991 [3] but its biosynthesis in eukaryotes and archaea remained elusive until only in the last few years [1, 4]. -M. A. -H. L. A. N. L. Hatfield et al.