By Ortega y Gasset Jose

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21 To the configuration of the simple signs in the propositional sign corresponds the configuration of the objects in the state of affairs. 22 In the proposition the name represents the object. 221 Objects I can only name. Signs represent them. I can only speak of them. I cannot assert them. A proposition can only say how a thing is, not what it is. 23 The postulate of the possibility of the simple signs is the postulate of the determinateness of the sense. 24 A proposition about a complex stands in internal relation to the proposition about its constituent part.

To give a description of the propositions of some one sign language, so that every possible sense can be expressed by a symbol, which falls under the description, and so that every symbol which falls under the description can express a sense, if the meanings of the names are chosen accordingly. It is clear that in the description of the most general form of proposition only what is essential to it may be described— otherwise it would not be the most general form. e. constructed). The general form of proposition is: Such and such is the case.

G. denial in “∼∼p”, ∼∼p = p). 3 All propositions are results of truth-operations on the elementary propositions. The truth-operation is the way in which a truth-function arises from elementary propositions. According to the nature of truth-operations, in the same way as out of elementary propositions arise their truth-functions, 61 TRACTATUS LOGICO-PHILOSOPHICUS from truth-functions arises a new one. e. a proposition. The result of every truth-operation on the results of truth-operations on elementary propositions is also the result of one truthoperation on elementary propositions.

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