By Dutch Ehrenfried
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Extra info for The Birth of NASA: The Work of the Space Task Group, America’s First True Space Pioneers
Sample text
Hence ARPA assisted NASA from the beginning in defining the basic outline of what would later be called Project Mercury. 2 ARMY BALLISTIC MISSILE AGENCY The Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) was established on February 1, 1956; well before Sputnik. The Army’s focus was on developing an intermediate range ballistic missile (IRBM) at the Redstone Arsenal, where the ABMA was located. Although the role of Wernher von Braun’s team of German missile experts is well known, perhaps what isn’t so well known is the number of missiles that were being worked on.
James R. , President of MIT. Thus the creation of the CORONA photoreconnaissance system and the seeds of NASA were planted at the same time and by some of the same people! The President had solved the problem over the debate about the number and capabilities of Soviet missiles targeting the United States and the debate over who should control the civilian space program. In February 1958 he approved the CORONA program, and the next month he accepted the recommendation of Dr. Killian in favor of a civilian space program.
The President and the DOD didn’t want that to happen again. However, this new agency was just an interim measure, pending the establishment of a civilian-controlled space organization. Eisenhower had already asked his Scientific Advisory Committee (PSAC), chaired by James R. Killian, Jr. of MIT, to study space policy and make a recommendation for organizing a national program in space science. S. might place a man into orbit at the earliest possible date. One plan involved using different Thor and Vanguard stages, and perhaps a new rocket.