By Christian La Borderie, Thierry Reess, Wen Chen, Olivier Maurel, Franck Rey-Berbeder, Antoine de Ferron, Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot
This e-book provides a brand new fracturing strategy that are meant to be regarded as a possible replacement, or a significant other approach, to hydraulic fracturing of tight gasoline reservoirs and occasional permeability rock plenty. instead of hydraulic fracturing which generates a couple of numbers of enormous cracks, electro-hydraulic fracturing induces diffuse micro-cracking and fragmentation of rocks. Laboratory assessments show that raises of permeability via orders of importance could be reached, with out significant cracking in validated specimens. This publication discusses the rules of this new strategy, stories experiments that have been built is order to turn out the idea that and at last describes the numerical version from which the possibilities of this system in consultant reservoir stipulations should be assessed.
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Example text
For instance, it is well known that the compressive strength of mortar increases with the loading rate and if we intend to validate the constitutive models on the experiments performed on mortar, it is important to capture this effect. Rate dependency will be 36 Electrohydrolic Fracturing of Rocks inserted in the expressions for damage growth. Doing this, we assume that the elastic response of the material is rate-independent. This is a simplifying assumption which avoids the implementation of viscoelasticity.
This evolution correlates quite well with the specimens’ evolution of permeability. Nevertheless, without a complete statistical analysis, which was not performed in the present study in view of the limited number of tests for each energy and confinement configuration, no robust quantitative correlation can be determined. g. hydraulic-driven) process in which only a single macrocrack would propagate. 1 10-15 m2 Kv = 3. 9. Three-dimensional tomography scans after one shock under high confinement.
As pointed out by Dubé et al. [DUB 96], the rate-dependent counterpart of this formulation does not exhibit this problem. The format of the rate-dependent constitutive equations ensures that the boundary/initial value problems are well posed. There is, however, a fundamental difference between rate-dependent (Perzyna type) plasticity and rate-dependent damage. In the plastic formulation, an internal time – or an internal length – appears explicitly in the governing equations. This is not the case in the rate-dependent damage model.