By Sturla Fridriksson
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Extra resources for Surtsey. Evolution of Life on a Volcanic Island
Sample text
Progr. , ' E c h o g r a p h i c s o u n d i n g s a r o u n d S u r t s e y ' , Surtsey Res. Progr. , 3, 8 2 - 8 4 ( 1 9 6 7 ) S H E R I D A N , M . F . , ' T e x t u r a l analysis o f S u r t s e y t e p h r a , A p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t ' , Surtsey Res. Progr. , 6, 1 5 0 - 1 5 2 ( 1 9 7 2 ) S I G V A L D A S O N , G . E . , ' W a t e r s o l u b l e l e a c h a t e o f v o l c a n i c ash f r o m S u r t s e y ' , Surtsey Res. Progr. , ' T h e g e o m o r p h o l o g y o f S u r t s e y ' , Surtsey Research Conference, Proceedings, R e y k j a v i k , 5 4 - 5 8 ( 1 9 6 7 ) J A K O B S S O N , WILLIAMS, R.
I had previously suggested the possibility of controlling the conditions and processes which might cause the synthesis of amino acids, if an experiment could be performed in such a way that contamination from living sources could be excluded, or kept at a minimum. Using this as a basis, I proceeded with a simple experiment, letting molten lava fall into samples of water in the following way. Three different kinds of liquids were prepared: distilled water, filtrated sea-water, and a salt solution made by dissolving various inorganic salts in distilled water to produce artificial seawater.
Km. THE L A V A FLOW The eruption from the crater named Surtur II was gradually becoming less explosive until finally on 4 April 1964 the volcanic shaft obtained a watertight lining of lava and the ocean no longer flooded over the crater wall. When this occurred, the surface of magma in the vent was no more affected by the constant cooling of the water and the floating lava emerged above sealevel. Lava fountains were formed, spouting 50 to 100 m high columns of glowing magma that bubbled and splashed up from a red-hot lake.