By Robert A. Gitzen, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Andrew B. Cooper, Daniel S. Licht
To supply necessary and significant details, long term ecological courses have to enforce stable and effective statistical techniques for gathering and interpreting facts. This quantity presents rigorous counsel on quantitative concerns in tracking, with contributions from global specialists within the box. those specialists have wide adventure in instructing basic and complex principles and strategies to typical source managers, scientists, and scholars. The chapters current a number instruments and techniques, together with distinct assurance of variance part estimation and quantitative choice between replacement designs; spatially balanced sampling; sampling concepts integrating layout- and model-based techniques; and complicated analytical techniques akin to hierarchical and structural equation modelling. Making those instruments extra obtainable to ecologists and different tracking practitioners throughout a number of disciplines, this can be a useful source for any specialist whose paintings offers with ecological tracking. Supplementary instance software program code is accessible on-line at www.cambridge.org/9780521191548.
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Design and Analysis of Long-term Ecological Monitoring Studies
To supply beneficial and significant info, long term ecological courses have to enforce stable and effective statistical techniques for amassing and examining info. This quantity offers rigorous suggestions on quantitative matters in tracking, with contributions from global specialists within the box. those specialists have vast event in instructing basic and complicated rules and techniques to traditional source managers, scientists, and scholars.
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Example text
The problem is that this requires no thought about what quality of information the study needs to provide to be successful. The first, iterative approach of progressively lowering expectations can also simply end up at the same point as the second approach – “we don’t know what we want, but we do know what we can afford” – despite the best of initial intentions. Money is critical – but shouldn’t there be some safeguards against simply spending money because it is available? Because of this, we recommend defining “quality” and “usefulness” by also defining “worthlessness”.
The meaning of “useful and relevant” must be defined for each individual study in the process of specifying clear objectives. To be useful, information also needs to be timely, based on sufficiently accurate data and analyses, and able to stand up to objective peer scrutiny as well as agenda-driven criticisms. Adequate consideration of quantitative issues includes assessing whether reliable data can be produced with feasible survey effort, determining how to allocate available effort into an effective, efficient, and defensible survey design, and determing how to produce useful information from the resulting data; see Chapter 2 for further discussion.
We argue for the value of planning as carefully as possible within the limits of current knowledge, and learning from new information as it is collected. g. professional judgment) in determining the selected design and level of effort? Transparently documenting the decision factors helps a monitoring program think clearly and explicitly about the process, helps ensure that the role of professional judgment has been appropriate, and may be invaluable for those involved with the study in the future for understanding its history.