By Charles H. Nightingale, Takeo Murakawa, Paul G. Ambrose (Editors)
This up to date reference explores the pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials in addition to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and removing of the key sessions of antimicrobials-covering new brokers resembling ketolide antibiotics and highlighting the pharmacodynamic dating among drug focus and antimicrobial task, in addition to the connection of pharmacodynamics to bacterial resistance. comprises particular examples and functional functions for the layout of powerful dosing regimens! Written through famous specialists within the box, Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics in thought and scientific perform describes ·the pharmacodynamic homes of all significant periods of antibiotics ·parameters for microbiological job of antimicrobial brokers equivalent to minimum inhibitory focus (MIC) and minimum bactericidal focus (MBC) ·serum/tissue protein binding and penetration charges ·differences among in vivo and in vitro postantibiotic results (PAE) ·and extra! With approximately a thousand references, tables, drawings, and illustrations, Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics in conception and scientific perform is a state of the art reference for infectious disorder experts, pulmonologists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, microbiologists, organic chemists, epidemiologists, internists, and scholars in those disciplines.
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Additional resources for Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics in Theory and Clinical Practice, 1st Edition (Infectious Disease and Therapy)
Sample text
It can be seen that once these drugs achieve concentrations of 2–4 times the MIC, further increases in concentration do not yield greater rates of bacterial killing. Bacterial killing is at a maximum under these conditions; the contribution of drug concentration to the entire killing process is minimal and can be ignored. The AUC/MIC ratio simplifies to drug exposure of the bacteria and is expressed pharmacodynamically as the time the serum concentrations remain above the MIC of the bacteria (T Ͼ MIC).
Table 2 illustrates that eradication of bacteria can fail to occur even when the bacteria are susceptible to the antibiotic. , in the treatment of S. pneumoniae bacteremia, where the death rate is substantial in spite of aggressive and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. [15,16]. Obviously, the ability of the antibiotic to kill the organism is only one factor affecting patient outcome. Other factors such as the age of the patient, the vigor of the immune system, and psychological factors such as the will to live and the degree of confidence the patient has in the caregivers and the health system will affect outcomes.
87. Vogelman B, Gudmundsson S, Leggett J, Turnidge J, Ebert S, Craig WA. Correlation of antimicrobial pharmacokinetic parameters with therapeutic efficacy in an animal model. J Infect Dis 1988; 158:831–847. 88. Vogelman B, Gudmundsson S, Turnidge J, Craig WA. The in vivo postantibiotic effect in a thigh infection in neutropenic mice. J Infect Dis 1988; 157:287–298. 2 Microbiology and Pharmacokinetics Charles H. , Osaka, Kyoto University, Kyoto, and Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan 1 INTRODUCTION Pharmacodynamics, as applied to antimicrobial agents, is simply the indexing of microbiological data to the drug’s concentration in the body (pharmacokinetics).