By Lars Ernster (auth.), A. L’Abbate, F. Ursini (eds.)
Growing experimental facts is beeing produced in aid of the thesis that lipid pe,oxidation is a vital mediator of either vascular and myocardial tissue derangement. even though the position of the free-radical method in human cardiovascular pathology continues to be speculative, however the aptitude implications of the sort of method in either pharmacological treatment and prevention of significant cardiovascular ailments, akin to myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias, justify the expanding curiosity of medical cardiologists during this study zone. in addition, present-day medical cardiology allows to breed in guy such experimental types as ischemia and reperfusion, e.g. in the course of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, or even to achieve histological and histochemical entry to byoptic myocardial tissue. Upon above premises the assumption of a multidisciplinary dialogue assembly used to be conceived, aimed to confront medical expectancies with received simple details, and to debate the validity of experimental types within the mild of pathological and scientific findings in guy. To this function, a different crew of specialists within the box of free-radicals, from worldwide, was once requested to make the subject obtainable to scientific cardiologists, with the first goal of projecting effects and ideas in the direction of power medical learn; this can be, actually, the thing of the ecu Concerted motion "Breakdown in Human variation - Cardiovascular Diseases", within the body of which the assembly was once held.
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Additional resources for The Role of Oxygen Radicals in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Conference in the European Concerted Action on Breakdown in Human Adaptation — Cardiovascular Diseases, held in Asolo, Italy, 2–5 December 1986
Sample text
Coassin and F. R. and Istituto di Chimica Biologica, Via F. Marzolo 3, 35131 Padova (Italy). ABSTRACT The enzyme "xanthine oxidase" is one of the best characterized sources of superoxide anion and hydrogen perox~de. "In vivo" it mainly acts as a dehydrogenase which, by reducing NAD , appears to be the physiologic form. Nevertheless under a variety of conditions the enzyme can undergo a conversion to an oxidase which delivers the electrons to oxygen to form superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. The transformation xanthi ne dehydrogenase xanthi ne ox i dase is i rrevers i b1e when it is induced by a proteolytic attack or reversible when the SH groups of the enzyme have been oxidized.
Similarly shaped curves can be demonstrated for the rat heart in vivo, 25 the guinea pig heart, the dog heart, and the rabbit heart. Different species and different preparations exhibit optima at different times, probably reflecting different rates of development of tissue injury and cell death. In this connection heterogeneity of injury in reversibly injured tissue has been proposed (Manning and Hearse, 1984) to be a very important factor in the genesis of serious arrhythmias. ION DISTRIBUTION Intracellular potassium loss together with extracellular potassium accumulation is thought to be an important factor in the genesis of both ischemiaand reperfusion-induced arrhythmias (Geddes, 1987).
Of the various organs of the rat, the liver and intestine exhibit the hi ghest act i vity of the xanth i ne-convert i ng enzyme (Batte 11 i et ~, 1972) while the heart appears to have only 13% of the activity found in the i ntest i ne. Moreover, compari ng the 1eve 1 s reported for other mammals, liver and intestine of man have relatively low values of xanthine oxidase (Parks and Granger, 1986). , 1974) while another author does not find any activity (Ramboer, 1969). In our laboratory, in three different measurements on hearts removed after heart transp 1 antat ion from patients suffering from dilatative cardiomyopathy we did not find any significant activity (not shown).