By H. Matzke and G. Schumacher (Eds.)
This quantity brings jointly forty seven papers from scientists eager about the fabrication of latest nuclear fuels, in simple study of nuclear fabrics, their software and expertise in addition to in laptop codes and modelling of gas behaviour. the most emphasis is on growth within the improvement of non-oxide fuels along with reporting advances within the extra traditional oxide fuels. the 2 at present played huge reactor security programmes CORA and PHEBUS-FP are defined in invited lectures. The contributions evaluation simple estate measurements, in addition to the current kingdom of gasoline functionality modelling. The functionality of present day nuclear gas, accordingly UO2, at excessive burnup is additionally reviewed with specific emphasis at the lately saw phenomenon of grain subdivision within the chilly a part of the oxide gasoline at excessive burnup, the so-called ''rim'' influence. comparable phenomena could be simulated via ion implantation on the way to greater elucidate the underlying mechanism and reports on excessive answer electron microscopy supply extra details
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Pati et al. [3] concluded that some release is inevitable because of the high level of porosity. In contrast, Manzel and Eberle [6] have analyzed microcores and concluded that all xenon was retained in either the matrix or the porosity. T h e X R F results r e p o r t e d herein tend to support retention of the xenon in the closed porosity. T h e r e does a p p e a r to be a g r e e m e n t that u n d e r normal operating conditions release from the rim region will be less than about 2 to 3 % of the total fission gas produced in a rod at rod-average b u r n u p levels of < 60 MWd/kgM.
3. 48912 nm) is closed to the value generally found in the literature [7]. T h e average weight values 6 of residual oxygen and carbon are 5 0 0 x 1 0 " and 6 1000 X 10 ~ , respectively. have been u n d e r t a k e n in our laboratory in order to confirm this result. It has been first found that the beginning of the synthesis occurs at 1420 Κ under flowing nitrogen; the kinetics of the reaction increases up to a stationary value reached at 1600 Κ and can be related to the powder properties. Emanation gas analysis are of particular interest; they have been performed by infrared detection technique, c h r o m a t o g r a p h i c m e a s u r e m e n t s and with quadrupole mass spectrometry.
12]) t h e spheres are to b e crushed. Low crushing strength with a good homogeneity is required. T h e first maximum of t h e load in t h e load point displacement diagram was determined as t h e crushing strength of a sphere a n d t h e crushing was classified in t h e t h r e e types " b r i t t l e " (type I), " i n t e r m e d i a t e " (type II) and " c r u n c h y " (type III). 3. 5 h at 1500°|~TT \ ι ι ι ι ι ' 1 urn (RADIUS) Fig. 3. Porosimetry of calcined and partially reacted spheres at 1773 K.