By J. G. Fujimoto, A. D. Aguirre, Y. Chen, P. R. Herz, P. -L. Hsiung, T. H. Ko (auth.), Dr. Markus Braun, Dr. Peter Gilch, Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Zinth (eds.)

Sources of ultrashort laser pulses are these days commercially on hand and feature entered many components of analysis and improvement. This ebook provides an summary of organic and scientific purposes of those laser pulses. The briefness of those laser pulses allows the tracing of the quickest methods in photo-active bio-systems, that's one concentration of the booklet. the opposite concentration is purposes that depend upon the excessive height depth of ultrashort laser pulses. Examples lined span non-linear imaging concepts, optical tomography, and laser surgery.

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20, 1486 (1995) 25. X. Kartner, N. Matuschek, T. Schibli, U. A. Haus, C. Heine, R. Morf, V. Scheuer, M. Tilsch, T. Tschudi, Opt. Lett. 22, 831 (1997) 26. N. X. K¨ artner, U. Keller, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 4, 197 (1998) 27. N. X. K¨ artner, U. Keller, IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 5, 129 (1999) 28. U. X. H. Cho, Y. A. G. P. Ippen, V. Scheuer, G. Angelow, T. Tschudi, Opt. Lett. 24, 411 (1999) 29. H. Sutter, G. Steinmeyer, L. Gallmann, N. Matuschek, F. Morier-Genoud, U. Keller, V. Scheuer, G.

However, because different parity selection rules apply to single- and two-photon transitions, two-photon excitation spectra are not mere scaled versions of their singlephoton counterparts. Rather, two-photon absorption spectra typically are rather broad and show a significant blue shift [24]. Emission spectra on the other hand are generally identical for single- and two-photon excitation, indicating that the same excited state is occupied before relaxation to the 2 Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy 37 ground state and that fluorescence quantum yields are similar.

15 shows an example of an ultrahigh-resolution endoscopic OCT image of the gastrointestinal tract of a New Zealand white rabbit [51]. The animal was imaged in vivo under anesthesia using a longitudinal scanning OCT catheter. All imaging and animal handling protocols were approved by the MIT Committee on Animal Care (CAC). The figure shows an ultrahighresolution OCT image of the rabbit esophagus with corresponding histology. The structure of the esophagus is clearly delineated, with well-organized layers of the squamous epithelium (ep), lamina propria (lp), muscularis mucosa (mm), submucosa (sm), and inner (im) and outer muscular (om) layers.

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