By Eugene Chen Eoyang
In this remarkably stimulating and erudite sequence of essays, Eugene Chen Eoyang explores a number of the underlying paradigms and presumptions in international literature, highlighting problems with cultural interchange and cultural hegemony. Translation is visible during this viewpoint as a significant instead of a peripheral consider realizing the meanings of literary works.
Taking concrete examples from chinese language literature, Eoyang illuminates not just the semantic collisions that underlie the complexities of translation, but additionally the cultural identities mirrored in language and values. The identify alludes to a passage from Emerson, reminding us that the item on view isn't just the imaginative and prescient we see yet is usually the organ during which that imaginative and prescient is apprehended. The war of words with an intensive "other" - that's, for lots of Westerners, what chinese language literature represents - is therefore either a discovery and a self-discovery.
Part of the book's originality is that it identifies a brand new viewers - one who is incipiently bicultural, or familiar with what has been known as "East" in addition to what has been known as "West." Readers with an curiosity within the concept and perform of translation will locate this an inspiring and integral paintings, person who prepares the way in which for a comparative poetics that acknowledges the serious subjectivities in each tradition and even as establishes a foundation for a comparability that attempts to go beyond, while it recognizes, provincialities.
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The range of theoretic ideas, as distinct from the wealth of pragmatic notation, remains very small. 269). Faith is no surety for fidelity in translation. The pronouncements are subject not to proof, but only to belief, tests of faith; their aim is not so much to enlighten as to mesmerize. Therefore, as the original has been written by a poet, so the translation must also be written by a poet. Eliot tried to raise Lancelot Andrewes' reputation). 4). The modern perspective, particularly the postphenomenologist perspective, pre 1.
If for no other reason, the history of machine translation is instructive to the literary theorist as well as the general theorist, precisely because the failures reflect lacunae in our understanding of language—whether in ambiguities erased by familiar convention or in subtleties that we negotiate intuitively. 319–350). It is somewhat ironic (and reminiscent of international developments in other sectors) that the impetus given to machine translation was undermined in the United States, just at the time it was beginning Page 34 to flourish in other countries, with the socalled ALPAC (Automated Language Processing Advisory Committee) report in 1966, which effectively cut off the Georgetown University project and sent a discouraging word to other machine translation pioneers.
How well or how badly this message has been transmitted might be seen in a brief survey of the systems of machine translation developed in the last generation. The Lessons of Machine Translation The development of machine translation in the last twenty years has been a subject largely ignored by literary theorists of transla 3. Counterparts are not identities; they may be parallel, but they are not equal. If for no other reason, the history of machine translation is instructive to the literary theorist as well as the general theorist, precisely because the failures reflect lacunae in our understanding of language—whether in ambiguities erased by familiar convention or in subtleties that we negotiate intuitively.