By Mark Textor

Gottlob Frege (1848-1925) is taken into account the daddy of recent common sense and one of many founding figures of analytic philosophy. He was once at first a mathematician, yet his significant works additionally made very important contributions to the philosophy of language.

Frege’s writings are tricky and take care of technical, summary ideas. The Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Frege On experience and Reference is helping the scholar to become familiar with Frege’s suggestion, and introduces and assesses:

  • the historical past of Frege’s philosophical work
  • Frege’s major papers and arguments, focussing on his contrast among feel and reference
  • the carrying on with significance of Frege’s paintings to philosophy of common sense and language.

Ideal for these coming to Frege for the 1st time, and containing clean insights for someone attracted to his philosophy, this Guidebook is crucial interpreting for all scholars of philosophy of language, philosophical common sense and the background of analytic philosophy.


 

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Additional info for Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Frege on Sense and Reference

Sample text

In FA Frege illustrates his view with a suggestive picture: In arithmetic we are not concerned with objects which we come to know as something alien from without through the medium of the senses, but with objects given directly to our reason and, as its nearest kin, utterly transparent to it. (FA: 115) A thinker who can make judgements can find out the principles to which this activity commits him. If Frege is right, these principles are based on the laws of logic, which, in turn, are the grounds of the truths of arithmetic.

It is natural because it orders truths according to their nature. The ground-relation holds, if it does, between truths in virtue of their inner nature. Hence, the ground-relation can be used to classify truths indirectly by their inner nature. 25 26 SEARCHING FOR THE FOUNDATIONS OF ARITHMETIC The grounds of a truth are discovered in proofs. 12 The perfect proof is, as Frege puts it in BS, connected to the inner nature of the truth proved: because a truth has a certain inner nature, that is, I take it, it consists of certain concepts in a certain combination, it can proved in one way and not another.

So far, he has told us how we discover that one truth is the ground of another, not what it is for a truth to be a ground of another one. In ‘On the Foundations of Geometry II’ Frege goes on to sketch the outlines of what he calls a new science. This new science puts forth laws, which connect logical inference, truth and other properties. The science investigates, among other things, how one can prove that a truth is independent from another truth. He answers this question by giving a new characterisation of the notion of (in)dependence, which is close to the one proposed by Bolzano before him:17 The thought t is dependent on the thought t* if, provided the thought t (t*) is expressed by the sentence s (s*) of a logically perfect language, every variation of the non-logical words in s* that creates a true variant of s*, also creates a true s variant.

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