By Tarek Ahmed PhD PE
The activity of any reservoir engineer is to maximise creation from a box to acquire the easiest financial go back. to do that, the engineer needs to learn the habit and features of a petrol reservoir to figure out the process destiny improvement and construction that may maximize the revenue. Fluid circulate, rock houses, water and gasoline coning, and relative permeability are just a number of the innovations reservoir engineer needs to comprehend to do the activity correct, and a few of the instruments of the exchange are water inflow calculations, lab assessments of reservoir fluids, and oil and gasoline functionality calculations. new chapters were extra to the 1st variation to make this e-book an entire source for college kids and execs within the petroleum undefined: rules of Waterflooding, Vapor-Liquid section Equilibria. Covers reservoir fluid habit and houses, together with laboratory research and reservoir fluid flowProvides a consultant to predicting oil reservoir functionality via research of oil restoration mechanisms and function calculationsExplains the basics of reservoir engineering and their useful program via a entire box research
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0 bbl/STB or higher. 5 to 20 mol% heptanes-plus, 35% or more of ethane through hexanes, and the remainder methane. Reservoir Eng Hndbk Ch 01 2001-10-24 09:04 Page 9 9 Fundamentals of Reservoir Fluid Behavior Critical Point E C t Curve Two-phase Region Dew-poin Bu bb le -p Pressure oi nt Cu rv e Liquid 100% Liquid Gas A 50% F B 0% Liquid Temperature Figure 1-8. A schematic phase diagram for the near-critical crude oil. 100% Liquid Volume % E F 0% Pressure Figure 1-9. A typical liquid-shrinkage curve for the near-critical crude oil.
1649–1655. 5. McCain, W. , “Heavy Components Control Reservoir Fluid Behavior,” JPT, September 1994, pp. 746–750. 6. , “Acentric Factor and Critical Volumes for Normal Fluids,” Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1985, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 325–326. 7. , Prausnitz, J. , pp. 21. McGraw-Hill, 1977. 8. Riazi, M. R. and Daubert, T. , “Characterization Parameters for Petroleum Fractions,” Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1987, Vol. 26, No. 24, pp. 755–759. 9. ,” Fluid Phase Equilibria, June 10, 1985, Vol. 27, pp. 15–34. Reservoir Eng Hndbk Ch 02a 2001-10-24 09:23 Page 29 C H A P T E R 2 RESERVOIR-FLUID PROPERTIES To understand and predict the volumetric behavior of oil and gas reservoirs as a function of pressure, knowledge of the physical properties of reservoir fluids must be gained.
Together near the bubble-point and are more widely spaced at lower pressures. This type of crude oil is commonly characterized by a high liquid shrinkage immediately below the bubble-point as shown in Figure 1-7. The other characteristic properties of this oil include: Reservoir Eng Hndbk Ch 01 2001-10-24 09:04 Page 8 8 Reservoir Engineering Handbook 100% Liquid Volume % E Residual Oil F 0% Pressure Figure 1-7. A typical liquid-shrinkage curve for a volatile crude oil. • Oil formation volume factor less than 2 bbl/STB • Gas-oil ratios between 2,000–3,200 scf/STB • Oil gravities between 45–55° API • Lower liquid recovery of separator conditions as indicated by point G on Figure 1-6 • Greenish to orange in color Another characteristic of volatile oil reservoirs is that the API gravity of the stock-tank liquid will increase in the later life of the reservoirs.