By Fathi Zereini, Clare L.S. Wiseman

This edited quantity provides new information and insights from the main across the world revered PGE specialists, representing various disciplines starting from chemistry, geochemistry, biology, environmental technological know-how to toxicology and environmental healthiness. It builds upon 3 prior co-edited books released by means of Springer, Zereini and Alt (Eds.) (1999, 2000 and 2006), incorporating the newest advances at the subject. The e-book covers the next topical parts relating to PGE: resources and purposes, analytical tools, environmental destiny, bioavailability and chemical behaviour, use of bioindicators and human exposures and health and wellbeing chance potential.

Highly interdisciplinary in orientation, this publication is a entire consultant to teachers, scholars and pros operating in a couple of various medical fields, who're attracted to subject matters regarding platinum steel emissions within the environment.

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Pp 16–21 Johnson-Matthey (2013) Platinum 2013. Johnson-Matthey, London, UK Moldovan M, Rauch S, Gómez M, Palacios MA, Morrison GM (2001) Bioaccumulation of palladium, platinum and rhodium from urban particulates and sediments by the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus. Water Res 35:4175–4183 Moldovan M, Veschambre S, Amouroux D, Benech B, Donard OFX (2007) Platinum, palladium, and rhodium in fresh snow from the aspe valley (Pyrenees Mountains, France). Environ Sci Technol 41:66–73 Impact of Platinum Group Element Emissions … 29 Niskavaara H, Kontas E, Reimann C (2004) Regional distribution and sources of Au, Pd and Pt in moss and O-, B- and C-horizon podzol samples in the European arctic.

1 Mining Areas South Africa is the world’s largest PGE producer with 72 % of Pt production, 37 % of Pd production and 80 % of Rh production in 2013 (Johnson-Matthey 2013). South Africa’s PGE resources are located in the Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC) in the Northern part of the country (Fig. 2). The BIC is the world’s largest mafic-ultramafic Impact of Platinum Group Element Emissions … 21 Fig. 2 Map of the Bushveld Igneous Complex with the location of mines (M1–M6) in the Rauch and Fatoki (2013) study intrusion with an area of 65,000 km2 and 75 % of the world’s Pt resources (Cawthorn 1999).

2011) and Norilsk is considered to be one of the most contaminated places on Earth (Blacksmith Institute 2013). Some of the main PGE mining and production sites are located in the direct vicinity of human settlements. Rustemburg (ca. 550,000 inhabitants in the Local Municipality), Norilsk (ca. 175,000 inhabitants) and Monchegorsk (ca. 45,000 inhabitant) are located within a few km of mines, smelter and refineries (Fig. 6). PGE emissions and occurrence of elevated PGE concentrations in the environment raise concern over exposure of the local population.

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