By Dendy, Philip Palin; Heaton, Brian

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6 Anode Material Choice of anode material affects the efficiency of bremsstrahlung production (the continuous spectrum) with unfiltered output increasing approximately proportional to the atomic number of the target. 2. 1 The Cathode The cathode assembly normally consists of two parts—(a) an electron source (emitter) and (b) an auxiliary electrode surrounding it. 3 mm in diameter of reasonably high resistance R. Therefore, for a given filament heating current IF (typically in the region of 5A), effective ohmic heating (IF2R) and minimum heat losses will occur.

Kinetic energy, ½ mv2, where m is the mass of the body and v its velocity. 2. Potential energy, mgh, where g is the gravitational acceleration and h is the height of the body above the ground. Kinetic energy is more relevant than potential energy in the physics of X-ray production and the behaviour of X-rays. Electrical Energy When an electron, charge e, is accelerated through a potential difference V, it acquires energy eV. Thus if there are n electrons they acquire total energy neV. Note: 1. Current (i) is rate of flow of charge.

Define the unit in which it is normally expressed and indicate the order of magnitude involved. Describe the different ways in which radioactive disintegration can occur. What is meant by the decay scheme of a radionuclide and radioactive equilibrium? What is a radionuclide generator? A radiopharmaceutical has a physical half-life of 6 h and a biological half-life of 20 h. How long will it take for the activity in the patient to fall to 25% of that injected? 34 × 10 –5 s–1. What is its half-life and how long will it take for the radionuclide to decay to one-tenth of its original activity?

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