By Thomas Drennen, Jennifer Rosthal
Hydrogen may well sometime gasoline our automobiles and gear and warmth our houses and companies and revolutionize the best way we use strength. relocating to a hydrogen economic climate might support lessen our reliance on international oil, enhance neighborhood air caliber, and decrease the danger of weather switch. regardless of the possibility of hydrogen, there's no be sure that the hydrogen financial system will take place because the hindrances are enormous and the competing visions are many.
Pathways to a Hydrogen destiny seeks to untangle the competing visions of a hydrogen economic climate, clarify the trade-offs and stumbling blocks and provide innovations for a course ahead. the implications are in line with an in depth simulation version constructed at Sandia nationwide Laboratories: "The Hydrogen Futures Simulation version (H2Sim)".
The model's constitution is perfect for exploring "what-if" questions, reminiscent of: Can gas cellphone autos (FCVs) compete economically with present autos if the FCVs are 2.5 instances as effective? may still the hydrogen be produced at fueling stations or at important destinations and transported to fueling stations?
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Additional resources for Pathways to a Hydrogen Future
Example text
Technically, it is far simpler to remove the CO2 from either natural gas reformation or coal gasification as the carbon already is being separated from the hydrogen. Estimates of the technically recoverable CO2 range from 87% (Williams 2001) to 92% (NAE 2004). 16. 11 H2 Sim relies on methodologies outlined by Ogden (2002), Williams (2001), and the NAE (2004). Ogden’s analysis considers carbon capture from large-scale hydrogen and electricity facilities utilizing either natural gas or coal as a feedstock.
Estimated carbon emissions for the various future technologies depend on the source of hydrogen and whether the carbon is captured and sequestered. In the absence of carbon sequestration, carbon emissions may be greater than those from existing hybrid vehicles. 75 tC per year. 10 tC per year). 57 tC/year), illustrating that wide-scale adoption of FCVs does not guarantee lower carbon emissions. 5. Estimated annual carbon emissions by vehicle type. 82 1 Depends on generating source. Lowest levels are from Nuclear, Solar PV, Solar Thermal, and Wind.
Lowest levels are from Nuclear, Solar PV, Solar Thermal, and Wind. Highest emissions are from coal. 2 Carbon emissions written Carbon emissions without sequestration/Carbon emissions with sequestration. 81 $/kg) in 2020. 15 $/kg). This result is fairly robust. 5 times for natural gas reformation to become the cheaper option. Alternatively, natural gas prices would have to fall below $2 per million British thermal units ($/MBtu) to compete with coal gasification. The electrolysis results are highly sensitive to electricity costs.