By Peter Gehr, Joachim Heyder
This wide-ranging, finished reference provides the most recent advancements in aerosol technological know-how and interactions among debris and the breathing tract-utilizing an inter-disciplinary process that integrates advances in physics, chemistry, and engineering with the epidemiological and biomedical sciences, and targeting the dynamics of particle deposition, retention, and clearance.
Containing the paintings of greater than forty the world over famous specialists, Particle-Lung Interactions
Abundantly referenced with over 2700 bibliographic citations, Particle-Lung Interactions is an quintessential source for pulmonologists, physiologists, scientific immunologists, allergists, toxicologists, pediatricians and basic practitioners, pharmacists, biochemists, floor physicists, and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and clinical university scholars in those disciplines.
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The pulmonary region consists of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. The relatively small diameter of the alveoli maximizes the surface area of the pulmonary region, thereby optimizing the exchange of gases between the alveolar air sacs and the blood circulating through the large network of capillaries lying between the alveoli. The alveoli are lined by a thin layer of surfactant material that is essential for maintaining alveolar structure as the gas volume changes in a cyclic manner.
In developing and evaluating data obtained in laboratory animal species, a recognition of the marked differences observed between species in the fractional and spatial deposition of inhaled particles is critically important (24,26). These species differences are of profound importance when making extrapolations from laboratory animals to humans. 0 µm in median aerodynamic diameter still have a relatively high probability of being deposited in the alveolar region of humans.
Heyder at the GSF Institute for Inhalation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany. An additional laboratory of note is the Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Aerosol Research located in Hannover, Germany, which developed under the leadership of W. Sto¨ber, later U. Mohr, and now U. Heinrich. The foregoing references to specific laboratories are not intended to be comprehensive, but rather, illustrative of a key point. A careful review of the work of these pioneers is a reminder that advances in understanding what is in the air and how it affects health inevitably involves a joining of the physical and chemical sciences, engineering, and the biomedical sciences.