By P. Illes, H. Zimmermann
The learn of purinergic mechanisms has for lengthy been curious about the activities of the nucleoside adenosine, wherein the contribution of nucleotides to the signaling platforms has been underestimated. in keeping with the complaints of a IUPHAR satellite tv for pc convention held in Leipzig, Germany, this e-book deals a complete replace and evaluation of nucleotide liberate, the constitution and serve as of nucleotide receptors, nucleotide-metabolizing ecto-enzymes in addition to the physiological features of nucleotides within the anxious process. The body structure and molecular biology of receptors for ATP and different nucleotides are tested, as are the body structure and molecular biology of enzymes that hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides. at this time, a pharmacology of the nucleotide signaling method is being built. Of specific curiosity is the creation of receptor subtype-specific antagonists and of substances that selectively impact the extracellular life of the nucleotide. a good resource of reference for institutes of pharmacology, biochemistry, neurology, zoology, and body structure, and for the pharmaceutical undefined.
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Additional info for Nucleotides and their Receptors in the Nervous System
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1997). , 1997). The tissue distribution of the tp2y receptor transcript awaits investigation. Functional evidence for P2Y receptors in the nervous system There is a wealth of functional evidence for the presence of P2Y receptors on neurons, glial cell types and endothelial cells of the nervous system; 27 some illustrative examples are noted below and others can be found in Barnard et al. (1997). There are well-characterised metabotropic responses to nucleotides in established cell lines such as the neuroblastoma-glioma cell hybrid NG 108-15, the rat glioma C6 and its sub-clone C62B and the pheochromocytoma PC12.
Sci. USA, 91: 3275-3279. A. W. (1 998) Stimulation of P2Y-purinoceptors on astrocytes results in immediate early gene expression and potentiation of neuropeptide action. Neuroscience, 85: 52 1-525. Reetz, G . and Reiser, G . (1994) Cross-talk of the receptors for bradykinin, serotonin, and ATP shown by single-cell Ca2+ responses indicating different modes of CaZ+activation in a neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cell-line. J. , 62: 89G897. A. K. (1996) Second messenger cascade specificity and pharmacological selectivity of the human P2Y, purinoceptor.
The receptor-specific primer pairs used are indicated above each pair of lanes. Amplification products were cloned and sequenced to confirm their identity. For methological details refer to Harper et al. (1998). , 1994). 1996). , 1995). , 1993; Lazarowski and Harden, 1994). , 1995). , 1998). Responses mediated by P2Y receptors have also been detected in neurons from brain slice preparations. , 1998). , 1998). However, it appears that astrocytes from different locations express distinct receptor types; while ATP and UTP were active at astrocytes from the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, UTP was inactive at those isolated from the hippocampus.