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Additional info for Modality: Issues in the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface (Current Research in the Semantics Pragmatics Interface) (Current Research in the Semantics Pragmatics Interface)
Example text
Here, I will review in some detail two proposals which have adopted a precise, formally statable semantics for modals, and a sound division of labour between semantic and pragmatic aspects of the comprehension of modality. 1 Kratzer's Account. Kratzer (1977, 1981a, 1991) provides an analysis of modality couched within a possible-worlds framework. In possible world semantics, utterances of sentences are taken to express propositions. A proposition is identified with the set of possible worlds in which it is true.
The Semantics and Pragmatics of English Modal Verbs (18') 27 The available evidence compels me to the conclusion that the guests had a really good time. e. it has become conventionalised. e. 4 Although Sweetser's approach correctly moves in the direction of supplying motivation for the systematic relation between root and epistemic uses of modal expressions, there are some points to be made about the specifics of the analysis. Notice, firstly, that even if one adopts the idea of a metaphorical mapping among modal concepts, this mapping will come out as very different from other examples of metaphorical mapping which have been claimed to motivate lexical polysemy.
30 Modality and the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface 'In view of what is commanded, soldiers must do their duty', c. I must buy a bicycle. 'In view of my goals, I must buy a bicycle'. (19a) involves an epistemic modal base, (19b) a deontic modal base and (19c) a Ideological modal base. Kratzer (198la) mentions a variety of modal bases, which further include categories such as realistic, stereotypical or buletic (related to wishes). Formally, modal bases are treated as functions from possible worlds to sets of propositions of a certain kind.