By Rustan, Agne
A accomplished and illustrated table reference with phrases, definitions, reasons, abbreviations, exchange names, quantifications, devices and emblems utilized in rock mechanics, drilling and blasting. Now together with rock mechanics in addition, this up-to-date version offers 5127 phrases, 637 symbols, 507 references, 236 acronyms, 108 formulation, sixty eight figures, forty seven tables, fifty eight abbreviations and seven shortened varieties. phrases also are integrated from comparable disciplines typical, corresponding to chemistry, detonics, fractography, fracture dynamics, mechanics and energy of fabrics, micro mechanics, geology, geophysics, photograph research, petrology, physics, seismology and extra. This prolonged and up to date version of 'Rock Blasting phrases and logos' (Balkema, 1998) by way of Dr. Agne Rustan is a necessary reference for engineers and complicated scholars in mining, geotechnical, geological, tunneling and development engineering.
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Extra resources for Mining and Rock Construction Technology Desk Reference: Rock Mechanics, Drilling & Blasting
Sample text
Bernoulli equation, the conservation of energy equation applied on a detonation can also be used to describe the energy conservation of a flowing metal jet created by a shaped charge. 2) where wi is the specific internal energy in J/kg, p is the pressure in the metal jet in Pa, υ is the specific volume of the metal jet in m3/kg, v1 is the inflow velocity in m/s of the cone material. BI, (IBI), (dimensionless), see ‘blasting index’. biaxial compression, state of stress caused by the application of compressive and normal stresses in two perpendicular directions.
The accuracy of this method is better than 2%. • Laser beam for measurement of distances. Depending on how many readings are taken the accuracy could be made as high as in the slight slot method. 2 Increase of micro fractures. • Diamond drillings in the rock mass that might be disturbed is done before and after blasting. The increase of the frequency of microcracks is an indication of disturbance. 3 Increase and new opening of macro fractures. • A borehole binocular, camera or video camera can be used to study the increase of number of cracks in special observation boreholes drilled into the rock around the excavated area.
The acoustic impedance of the rock mass is important for the energy transfer from explosive to the rock mass. The rock mass density is important regarding the heave energy needed to throw the blasted material. Rock mass density also effects the strength of the rock. The in situ P-wave velocity is also a rough indicator of the strength of the rock mass (also affecting the heave of the rock mass). The in situ P-wave velocity will be influenced by the following properties of the intact rock; compressive strength, porosity, joint frequency and type of filling material and finally the water content in the rock mass.