By V. B. Glasko, Adam Bincer
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Sample text
The crucial role of the seed was made clear in the 1980s by Manuel Blum, now of Carnegie Mellon University. He pointed out that a pseudorandom generator does not actually generate any randomness; it stretches or dilutes whatever randomness is present in the seed, spreading it out over a longer series of numbers like a drop of pigment mixed into a gallon of paint. For most purposes, pseudorandom numbers serve perfectly well. Almost all Monte Carlo work is based on them. Even for some cryptographic applications—where standards are higher and unpredictability is everything—Blum and others have invented pseudorandom generators that meet most needs.
The topics included here range from deadly serious (war and peace, wealth and poverty) to utterly frivolous (the mathematics of mattress flipping). Two of the pieces look back to earlier eras when computers were built out of brass gears instead of silicon chips. One essay describes imaginary genetic codes that seem far more elegant (to my taste, anyway) than nature’s own scheme for interpreting DNA. Yet another chapter takes up the surprisingly tricky question of what it means for two things to be equal.
In reciting this history of shifting hazards, I don’t mean to belittle any of them; they are all to be taken seriously. I simply want to point out that when we make an earnest effort to think about “the long run,” our vision of the distant future always seems to reflect mainly the concerns of the present moment. Trying to make life a little better for the great-great- . . great-grandkids is a worthy goal; conversely, policies that cater solely to our own comfort and convenience, ignoring the welfare of future generations, are reprehensible.