By Basolo F. (ed.)
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ISPD. E l e c t r o s t a t i c i n t e n s i f i c a t i o n has a maximum d i s t o r t i o n (pin-cushion) of approximately 5%. ; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1983. 1. TALMI AND BUSCH Low-Light Level Applications 27 no g e o m e t r i c d i s t o r t i o n . 04 range. SPD. SPD a r r a y s have no g e o m e t r i c d i s t o r t i o n . Variationi n r e s o l u t i o n , r e s p o n s e , dark c h a r g e , p a t t e r n n o i s e , e t c . a r e random across the array.
1. TALMI AND BUSCH Low-Light Level Applications 25 Lag SIT & I S I T . , i n c o m p l e t e r e a d o u t of s i g n a l i n a s i n g l e scan. A c t u a l l y , b e t t e r t h a n t h e o r e t i c a l (based on shot n o i s e ) S/N p e r f o r m a n c e i s a c h i e v e d i n c v ( c o n t i n u o u s wave) o p e r a t i o n because lag causes s i g n a l averaging. However, discharge l a g i s a d i s t i n c t d i s a d v a n t a g e i n s i n g l e shot measurements. The p r e s e n c e of l a g means t h a t a t l e a s t 5-10 scans a r e r e q u i r e d t o read a l l the charge o f f the t a r g e t .
Figure 6. 67 s. ; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1983. 1. , s t a t i c and dynamic s p e c t r o p h o t o m e t r y . Because the SPD i s b a s i c a l l y a preamplifier/readout noise l i m i t e d device, i t s o v e r a l l noise (counts) remains very low even at i t s f u l l s i g n a l c a p a c i t y . F o r example, w i t h a 14 b i t A/D converter (16,384:1) the a s s o c i a t e d noise ( i n c l u d i n g photon shot n o i s e ) f o r a f u l l ADC range s i g n a l i s o n l y a p p r o x i m a t e l y 4 c o u n t s rms.