By Rubie S. Watson
Utilizing old records and proof accumulated within the box, Rubie Watson offers a social heritage of the 600-year-old chinese language lineage village of Ha Tsuen within the New Territories of Hong Kong, and demonstrates the the most important function that the lineage performed within the evolution of the group from a couple of scattered families within the fourteenth century right into a nearby strength from the 1700s onwards. regardless of a patrilineal ideology that extols the virtues of brotherhood and equality, Dr Watson exhibits that the lineage has in reality performed a primary function within the formation, improvement and upkeep of an élite classification of landlords and retailers, who, even if their monetary value has now declined, proceed to exert political regulate. Dr Watson examines the dynamics of interclass family inside a unmarried lineage and exhibits how those family members were reworked by reason of the expansion of salary labour.
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Extra resources for Inequality Among Brothers: Class and Kinship in South China
Sample text
In Chapter 2 I discussed the early history of the Teng lineage; the present chapter is concerned with the lineage during the twentieth century, although the patterns described are very likely representative of earlier periods as well. The data presented in the following pages are based upon conversations with lineage elders, personal observations, and analyses of the many lineage rituals I attended. Lineage genealogies also provide an important source of information. In Ha Tsuen the representations of the system of descent are complex and even contradictory.
However, in the Chinese context differentiation has a special meaning. In China, descent groups have been imbedded in a class-based, bureaucratic state system for centuries. From their very inception, large lineages like the one under study here have incorporated people from nearly every stratum of society - from the very rich to the very poor. , Fortes 1945, 1970). In such societies differentiation ''follows a model laid down in the parental family" (Fortes 1970:86). For example, men who share the same father but have different mothers are thereby differentiated; married brothers are distinguished by their possession of a wife and children; age and generation differentiate one agnate from another.
Two lines, whose descendants in 1978 were still treating each other with considerable distrust, are most often mentioned in local accounts as direct competitors in the 1700s. Both of these lines are descended from the same founder, Teng Hung-hui. A member of one of the families, Teng Tso-t'ai, is credited with being the main force behind the establishment of Yu Kung T'ang, whereas a member of the other family, Teng Wei-yii, is said to have been instrumental in the creation of Ha Tsuen Market. According to local stories, the competition between Tso-t'ai and Wei-yii was so fierce that each plotted the other's murder.