By Demazure M., Grothendieck A.
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Extra info for Groupes de Type Multiplicatif, et Structu re des Schemas en Groupes Generaux
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For such a translocation, at least three membrane transport events would seemingly have to be involved, namely, export from the plasma membrane in root cells, import at the plasma membrane in leaf cells, and additional transport into the vacuoles in leaf cells [165]. In contrast to 47, long-distance transport of caffeine (8) has not yet been observed, although intracellular transport to vacuoles may occur. 1 43 Organs and Tissues Xanthine alkaloid biosynthetic activity in different organs and tissues was investigated from the 14C-feeding experiments, determination of enzyme activity and/or expression of caffeine synthase genes.
31-kb sequence of cDNA. The 50 untranslated sequence of the cDNA fragment was isolated by 50 -RACE. The isolated cDNA termed TCS1 [117] was expressed in Escherichia coli and the lysates of the bacterial cells incubated with a variety of xanthine substrates in the presence of SAM. The substrate specificity of the recombinant enzyme was similar to that of the native enzyme purified from young tea leaves [117]. The recombinant and native enzymes principally catalyze 3-N- and N-1-methylation of the purine ring of mono- and dimethylxanthines (Table 8).
169] reported that the caffeine synthase gene is expressed mainly in the palisade parenchyma and the epicuticle of tea leaves and less so in the spongy parenchyma and hypoderm. Coffea In coffee, biosynthetic activity has been detected in leaves and fruits. Transcript accumulation for the identified N-methyltransferase genes for caffeine biosynthesis was analyzed by the RT-PCR using gene-specific primer sets. The results indicated plural genes were expressed in different organs and tissues of coffee plants.