By Lilian Bermejo Luque
This ebook presents a brand new, linguistic method of Argumentation thought. Its major target is to combine the logical, dialectical and rhetorical dimensions of argumentation in a version offering a unitary remedy of its justificatory and persuasive powers. This version takes as its foundation Speech Acts conception as a way to symbolize argumentation as a second-order speech act complicated. the result's a scientific and accomplished idea of the translation, research and overview of arguments. This conception sheds gentle at the many faces of argumentative conversation: verbal and non-verbal, monological and dialogical, literal and non-literal, traditional and specialized.
The ebook takes under consideration the most important present entire debts of excellent argumentation (Perelman’s New Rhetoric, Pragma-dialectics, the ARG version, the Epistemic technique) and indicates that those debts have basic weaknesses rooted of their instrumentalist perception of argumentation as an task orientated to a objective exterior to itself. additionally, the writer addresses a few hard meta-theoretical questions resembling the justification challenge for Argumentation idea types and the connection among reasoning and arguing.
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Extra resources for Giving Reasons: A Linguistic-Pragmatic Approach to Argumentation Theory
Example text
The other task a model for argumentation evaluation must fulfill is to provide a method for deciding upon argumentation goodness. Obviously, this method will depend on the conception of argumentation we endorse and also on the corresponding definition of argumentation goodness. According to our linguisticpragmatic proposal, and in line with the above distinction between the macro and the microstructural levels at stake in each piece of argumentation, the evaluation of argumentation will also be concerned with these two levels.
In argumentative discourses, the belief we are supposed to be persuading of corresponds to the claim for which the speaker affords reasons. Thus, to decide on the rationality of persuasion in this sense would turn out to be a matter of the rationality of a claim, given the reasons put forward for it. In this case – as in the case of deciding on ideal persuasion – we would not be really deciding on any sort of persuasion at all. Rather, we would be deciding on the support that the argument provides to the corresponding claim.
Richards and C. L. Stevenson offer a phenomenalist reply, analysing ethical statements in terms of non-ethical ideas alone, so that the gulf between feelings and values is disregarded; while A. J. Ayer, in turn, plays Hume to Stevenson’s Berkeley and Moore’s Locke, and so avoids or evades the problem which had been facing his predecessors (1958: 233). All these responses would share a common mistaken assumption, namely, the deductivist ideal of justification. Modern Argumentation Theory can be seen as an attempt at resisting this ideal as mistaken and as proposing alternative accounts of argumentative goodness.