By Anja Dalgaard-Nielsen
Based on an research of Germany’s strategic tradition it portrays Germany as a safety actor and shows the stipulations and bounds of the hot German willingness to take part in overseas army obstacle administration that built over the 1990s.
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Extra resources for Germany, Pacifism and Peace Enforcement
Example text
43–44. ’: reactions to the defeat of 1945 Theories of political culture point out how culture originates in events of existential significance for the national community. In Germany’s case, the defeat of 1945 represented hour zero. It shook Germany to the core morally and physically and forced the Germans into a new conception of themselves. More than 6 million Germans, half of them civilians, perished in the Second World War. All military personnel were imprisoned and many were transported to the Soviet Union to serve as slave labour.
The notion of Germany as part of a greater Western community had to take the place of excessive nationalism. 5 Adenauer’s policy found support from his own party, the CDU/CSU, from the liberal FDP, from segments of the SPD, the Catholic Church, a number of intellectuals, and eventually a majority of the population. The competing reaction to the German disaster – the pacifist ‘never again war’ – was promoted by a coalition of groups that did not share one coherent ideology. It comprised intellectuals, scientists, and clergy terrified by the potential consequences of nuclear warfare, trade unionists using the movement as a lever against the Government, left-leaning politicians propelled by both pacifist and tactical motives, and, from 1968, a radicalised student generation aiming for a far-reaching democratisation of German society.
The GDR regime had to be convinced of the need to shed its fear of allowing East German citizens contact with the West – a fear embodied in the Berlin Wall. To re-assure and create trust, Brandt concluded a number of treaties with the East – the Moscow Treaty and Warsaw Treaty of May 1972, and the Basic Treaty between the two Germanies of December 1972. With these treaties, Bonn accepted the territorial status quo in Eastern Europe as well as the existence of East Germany, though it stopped well short of a formal recognition.