By Alberto Moretti, Raúl Orayen (eds)
Esta obra pretende ofrecer un landscape representativo de tipos de problemas y orientaciones característicos de l. a. filosofía de l. a. lógica. Desde l. a. relación de los lenguajes formales con el lenguaje ordinario y los procesos psíquicos, pasando por el estudio de nociones fundamentales como las de identidad, referencia, verdad o consecuencia lógica, hasta las cuestiones de los angeles abstracción y las entidades abstractas, o los angeles consideración de los problemas implicados en los angeles teoría de tipos, l. a. teoría de conjuntos o los distintos sistemas de lógica, los autores hacen una valiosa contribución a l. a. indagación filosófica motivada por l. a. lógica. Así, el artículo de Agustín Rayo plantea el problema del vínculo entre los razonamientos en un lenguaje constituido social e históricamente y su examen por medio del lenguaje formal. Por su parte, Gladys Palau traza el recorrido histórico de los intentos por fundar l. a. lógica en los angeles investigación psicológica. Rodolfo Gaeta dedica su trabajo a las dificultades de los angeles relación entre identidad y referencia, mientras que Alberto Moretti analiza en el suyo el concepto tarskiano de verdad. l. a. búsqueda de un concepto adecuado de consecuencia lógica es el objeto del artículo de Mario Gómez Torrente. A los enfoques de los angeles abstracción en el siglo XX y a l. a. discusión sobre l. a. existencia de las entidades abstractas consagran sus colaboraciones Ignacio Angelelli y Eduardo Barrio, respectivamente. A partir de las iniciales aportaciones de G. Frege y B. Russell, Francisco Rodríguez Consuegra dedica su contribución a l. a. teoría de tipos, Jesús Mosterín brinda un landscape de los angeles riqueza conceptual de las teorías de conjuntos e Ignacio Jané intenta clarificar qué son esas entidades que denominamos conjuntos. Cierran el volumen los trabajos de María Manzano y de Raymundo Morado, que giran en torno a los angeles aplicabilidad basic de los angeles suggestion de consecuencia lógica y a l. a. tarea de los angeles comparación de sistemas de lógica distintos.
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Extra info for Filosofía de la lógica
Sample text
Y Frías Delgado, A. (1995), «Razonamiento no monótono: Un breve panorama»: Theoría, S. , vol. X/23, 7-26. Flach, P. y Kakas, A. ) (2000), Abductive and Inductive Reasoning: Essays on their Relation and Integration, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Applied Logic Series. Gentzen, G. (1969), The Collected Papers of Gerhard Gentzen, en M. E. Szabo (ed. ), North-Holland Publishing, Amsterdam/London. 41 A G U S T Í N R AY O Hintika, J. e Hintika, M. B. (1989), The Logic of Epistemology and the Epistemology of Logic, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
11. )’ al lenguaje, e insistiendo que ‘el agua = H2O’ se sigue de ‘Verdadero(c)’, que a su vez se sigue de ‘Necesario(c)’. Tarski probó que cualquier teoría (suficientemente fuerte) en la que pueda probarse cada enunciado que resulte de reemplazar el nombre de una proposición por ‘d’ y un enunciado expresando esa proposición por ‘x’ en ‘Verdadero(d) ≡ x’ es inconsistente. 12. Para una exposición de las características formales de este tipo de lenguajes, véase Chellas, 1980. Para una exposición acerca de la importancia filosófica de este tipo de lenguajes ver Lewis, 1986.
Más aún, a pesar de que Husserl no realizó ninguna contribución específica a la lógica como ciencia, su fenomenología tuvo una gran influencia en el pensamiento lógico posterior, originando una concepción idealista de la lógica que se plasmó en los manuales de principios del siglo XX, entre los que cabe citar principalmente el de A. Pfänder, titulado Logik, de 1921 y otros textos menores. Éstos se extendieron a otras latitudes y, aunque en otros países ya se había impuesto la nueva lógica matemática, en los de habla hispana rigieron el enfoque y la 57 GLADYS PALAU enseñanza de la lógica hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XX.