By James Z. Lee
Destiny and Fortune in Rural China is an enormous contribution to the research of either the social and inhabitants background of past due conventional China, and that of historic demography often. Lee and Campbell reveal the interplay among demographic and different social pressures, and illustrate graphically the character of social mobility and social association in rural China throughout the century from 1774SH1873. Their conclusion--that social norms, rooted in ideology, made up our minds demographic performance--is supported by way of a mass of hitherto inaccessible basic information.
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Extra info for Fate and Fortune in Rural China: Social Organization and Population Behavior in Liaoning 1774-1873
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The transition in the weather is rapid. Farmers accordingly have to rush to prepare their fields and plant their crops before the rainy season in July and August. This concentration of activity during the spring planting renews with the autumn harvest in September. Like the spring, the fall is quite brief—often no more than one month long. The winter lull, by contrast, lasts for more than six months, from October through April. The first frosts come to Daoyi by the beginning of October. 3 The topsoil does not thaw until early April.
The second is not to disgrace them [by our failures]. The lowest is just to be able to support them" (Li Chi 21, 226). 11 Moreover, such authority extended beyond parents at least to grandparents. 12 Children of all ages, in other words, had no "human rights"; they only had filial obligations. 15 The definition of many crimes depended as 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 According to Qin law, for example, "A father stealing from his children is not a case of theft; a stepfather stealing from his step-children is a case of theft" (Hulsewe 1985, 125).
Biases and errors may of course persist, but as we describe in Appendix A, they are often systematic, identifiable, and sometimes even correctable. Historical demography, in other words, gives us a new lens through which we can view the past, while demography and data processing provide the tools to shape and calibrate that lens virtually at will. Outline Our book is accordingly divided into five parts: two introductory parts on the ecological and demographic setting, two middle parts on household and banner organization, and a concluding part on the larger implications of our findings.