By Aristotele, a cura di Attilio Zadro
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Sample text
262 a 1). oKfi), e di sintesi, composizione (cruv0Ecrtç), per indicare il collegamento fra nomi e verbi a formare quella appunto che noi diciamo frase verbale. Il primo, che sovrabbonda in Platone sull'altro (cfr. per il primo 262 c 6, d 4 e per il secondo 263 d 3 ), viene riservato fin dalle Categorie (cfr. É. cryoç l'affermazione dalla negazione. Anzi, si nota una decisa caduta delle metafore che il primo termine qui messo in evidenza reca con sé o cui si collega, appunto l'intrecciarsi, o addirittura il fondersi, il mescolarsi degli elementi della frase (Soph.
G. Scarpat, Il discorso e le sue parti in Aristotele, Arona, Paideia 1950, pp. 28 sgg. Si vedano in particolare le pp. 36-38 per la difesa della riconduzione linguistica delle frasi verbali a frasi verbali copulative con il participio nel greco classico contro le accuse di confusione fra logica e linguistica rivolte a questo procedimento da alcuni linguisti francesi come Vendryes e indirettamente Meillet, ed anche da logici come Couturat e Mercier. ov Ècrnv, Mauritius_in_libris 32 INTRODUZIONE tivo una sostanzialità eidetica che solo nella visione platonica, e a prezzo delle note difficoltà, ha potuto trovare legittimazione, il predicato, aggettivo o participio, compare nella frase in questione come una condizione della stessa esistenza del soggetto, e non della sua essenza necessariamente, ma talvolta della sua essenza, talvolta nel suo darsi come si dà alla consapevolezza del parlante.
Mauritius_in_libris I. LA LOGICA DI ARISTOTELE 29 l'opera dello Heath conclusa la serie dei contributi più rilevanti alle questioni esaminate in questo paragrafo, almeno dal punto di vista dal quale ci siamo posti. E infatti l'attenzione degli studiosi verso la logica di Aristotele subirà una radicale inversione essendosi posti come obiettivo, in luogo di definire l'influenza che la matematica ebbe nella sua formazione, la ricerca della sua riconduzione alla logica della matematica nella sua più moderna formulazione, obiettivo questo che rimane ai margini della nostra ricerca, perché, in fin dei conti, nella misura in cui è stato raggiunto ha mostrato quanto la logica moderna sia ancora ancorata alla logica di Aristotele o a qualcuna delle sue componenti non matematiche, come avremo modo di vedere.