By A. F. Thomas
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Extra info for Calculational Methods for Interacting Arrays of Fissile Material
Sample text
47) should not be used directly unless it can be demonstrated for the case in question that it will give conservative results. 47). A n upper limit to this latter factor is exp [— (d — r) Lt] multiplied by the fractional solid angle subtended by the sphere at a point distance d from its centre. 48) provided d is not too small [cf. eqns. 29)]. 49) Where R is not known it can be determined experimentally or calculated in a similar manner to p. 50) should only be used as a last resort, since it has not been checked for conservativeness.
To measure the output induced in a fissile target at A (see Fig. 5) due to a source at B the following count rates are measured. f Usually small mock fission sources, Po-B, F, Be, Na (a, ri), with outputs of about 10 neutrons/sec are used. 6 30 CALCULATIONAL METHODS FOR INTERACTING ARRAYS (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Source at A Fissile body Source at B Fissile body alone ( C J . at A alone ( C ) . alone ( C ) . at A, source at B ( C ) . 2 3 4 A FIG. 5. Experimental measurement of the interaction parameter.
Iv) In experiments (d) and (f) the containers stood in a tank and were flooded to a level of 30-5 cm above the containers. 3] 37 emerging from the sphere when a unit isotropic source is placed at the centre. This quantity is thus a measure of the effect of scattering and absorption in the surrounding medium, the value of this quantity for air-spaced systems being always of order unity. The importance of a cadmium shield is well illustrated in experiments (c) and (d). The measurement of interaction parameters with plutonium systems is particularly difficult, since the small induced output has to be measured against a large background due to the output of the body in isolation, especially if the P u content is high.