By Marc Thiriet

Biology and Mechanics of Blood Flows provides the fundamental wisdom and state of the art recommendations essential to perform investigations of the cardiovascular process utilizing modeling and simulation. half II of this two-volume series, Mechanics and scientific Aspects, refers back to the extraction of enter information on the macroscopic scale for modeling the cardiovascular method, and enhances half I, which specializes in nanoscopic and microscopic parts and methods. This quantity includes chapters on anatomy, body structure, continuum mechanics, in addition to pathological alterations within the vasculature partitions together with the guts and their remedies. equipment of numerical simulations are given and illustrated particularly by way of program to wall ailments. This authoritative publication will attract any biologist, chemist, physicist, or utilized mathematician attracted to the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

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Additional resources for Biology and Mechanics of Blood Flows: Part II: Mechanics and Medical Aspects

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A large amount of ATP in the CMC is yielded from aerobic metabolism. Contraction accounts for at least about 75% of the myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2). 7 The blood is supplied by the coronary arteries. These artery entrances are located in the upper part of the Valsava sinuses of the aortic root, immediately above the open valve cusps. The coronary blood flow is mainly produced by two successive fluid– structure interaction phenomena, systolic blood ejection produced by pump contraction, and diastolic recoil of the elastic arteries.

Oxygen consumption of the myocardium (MVO2) can be assumed to be an affine function of the mechanical work (W ) done during contraction and basal oxygen consumption (MVO2b). Energy consumption by the sarcomere is determined by the kinetics of cross-bridging. The number of cross-bridges and the rate of cross-bridge recruitment is determined by the kinetics of calcium– troponin bonds and sarcomere length (number of available myosin binding sites on actin). The Fenn effect is related to the adaptation of energy liberation by the myocardium contraction when the load undergone by the myocardium varies during contraction.

The main effect undergone by these arteries is the deformation of their paths. The large coronary branches give birth to a set of small arteries that penetrate into the 7 MVO2 can be assumed to be an affine function of the heart’s mechanical work W : MVO2 = κW + MV02b (MV02b: basal consumption). 44 2 Cardiovascular Physiology cardiac wall. Both the downstream compartment of coronary macrocirculation and microcirculation bear strong variations of the transmural pressure induced by the working myocardium.

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