By Virginia Yip
Simple Cantonese introduces the necessities of Cantonese grammar in a simple and systematic means. all of the 28 devices offers with a grammatical element and offers linked routines, devised to ideal communique abilities. distinct consciousness is paid to issues which range from English and eu language constructions. gains comprise: transparent, available structure; vigorous examples to demonstrate every one grammar element; complete key to routines; and thesaurus of grammatical phrases.
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Extra info for Basic Cantonese - A Grammar and Workbook
Example text
The audience very big voice thus clap hands) The audience applauded loudly Go yàuh-haak hóu yáuh-láihmaauh gám mahn ngóh (lit. the tourist very politely thus asked me) The tourist asked me very politely Go sƯgƝi hóu daaih-lihk gám sƗan mùhn (lit. the driver very big-force thus closed door) The driver closed the door hard Note here also the use of gám by itself or gám yéuhng to mean 'in this way': Ngóh wúih gám góng I wouldn't put it like that Kéuih yƯnggǀi gám yéung sái chín He shouldn't waste money in this way 3 Reduplicated adverbs A limited number of adverbs of manner are formed by repeating an adjective and adding the suffix -déi: Unit 10 49 gwƗai hƝng obedient light ĺ ĺ gwƗai-gwƗai-déi hƝng-hƝng-déi obediently lightly These are placed before the verb they modify: Léih yiu gwƗai-gwƗai-déi jouh gnjngfo (lit.
Is the picture beautiful? Is the car mended? Have the shares gone up? UNIT FIVE Possession: ge ge is one of the most frequent words in Cantonese, used in several important grammatical patterns. One of its main uses is to indicate possession, as we can illustrate with the pronouns introduced in Unit 4: ngóh ge léih ge kéuih ge jihgéi ge my, mine your, yours his/her, hers one's own ngóhdeih ge léihdeih ge kéuihdeih ge bƯngo ge our, ours your, yours their, theirs whose As the two translations suggest, these are used in two ways: 1 Before a possessed noun: My address is here Ngóh ge deihjí hái nƯdouh Léih ge Gwóngdnjng-wá cho Your Cantonese is not bad Kéuih ge gihnhǀng mhaih géi hóu Her health is not too good Jihgéi ge gƗtìhng jeui gányiu One's own family is most important 2 As predicates, usually following the verb haih 'be' (see Unit 7): NƯ go haih léih ge DƯ chín haih kéuih ge Haih-mhaih ngóh ge?
B: yám la, mgǀi saai (lit. not drink, thanks a lot) I won't, thanks A: NƯ go sung béi léih ge (lit. this give to you) This is for you B: Dǀjeh! Ngóh hóu jnjngyi a! (lit. thank you! ) Thank you! I like it! Again, when several statements are made about the same subject, it is usually understood after its first mention. If you are introducing yourself, for example, it is sufficient to use ngóh once: Ngóh giu Mary, gƗm lín sahp-baat seui, làih HƝunggóng jouh gƗauwuhn hohksƗang (lit. I called Mary, this year eighteen years old, come Hong Kong as exchange student) My name is Mary, [I'm] eighteen this year, [I] came to Hong Kong as an exchange student The third person: he, she and it The third-person pronoun kéuih means 'he' or 'she', without distinction of gender.