By Jacqueline A. MacDonald, J. R. Lockwood
Analyzes the advantages and downsides of recent applied sciences in landmine detection and provides ideas for making improvements to and rushing up the method.
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Limitations. In the required energy range, soil penetration of x-ray backscatter devices is poor. This limits detection to shallow mines (less than 10 cm deep). If source strengths are kept low enough to be safe for a person-portable system, the time required to obtain an image may be impractically long. In addition, the technology is sensitive to source/detector standoff variations and ground-surface fluctuations. Further, to image antipersonnel mines, high spatial resolution (on the order of 1 cm) is required.
This chapter describes the difficulties of predicting the performance of innovative mine detection methods and our method for assessing the potential of innovative systems. It then describes each type of innovative technology and evaluates its potential to improve on existing EMI detection systems. 1 in the Summary provides an overview of the technology evaluations. METHOD FOR EVALUATING INNOVATIVE MINE DETECTION SYSTEMS Predicting the potential for an innovative mine detection system to reduce the false alarm rate and increase the probability of detection is an inherently difficult task.
INNOVATIVE ELECTROMAGNETIC DETECTION SYSTEMS A number of innovative methods are being explored that search for buried mines based on changes in the electromagnetic properties of the surface soil and shallow subsurface. These methods include ground-penetrating radar (GPR), electrical impedance tomography (EIT), x-ray backscatter, and infrared/hyperspectral systems. Ground-Penetrating Radar Description. GPR detects buried objects by emitting radio waves into the ground and then analyzing the return signals generated by reflections of the waves at the boundaries of materials with different indexes of refraction caused by differences in electrical properties.